中文摘要：

试验设置了作物-皿系数kcp为0.6（W1）和1.0（W2）2个灌水水平、15 cm（D1）和25 cm（D2）2种滴头埋深和加气灌溉（O）、地下滴灌（S,不加气灌溉作为对照）2种灌水方式,采用3因素完全随机设计,共8个处理,以揭示加气灌溉不同灌水水平和滴头埋深对温室番茄根区土壤通气性、植株生长发育、产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明：加气灌溉有效改善了土壤通气性,与不加气地下滴灌相比,土壤氧气含量增大了6.42%（P〈0.05）,0~40 cm土层土壤体积含水率下降了5.29%。同时,加气灌溉下番茄植株茎粗和叶面积分别显著增大了4.55%和16.21%,开花日期推后了2 d左右,开花时长存在延长的趋势,果实干质量显著增大了23.57%,单株产量、单果质量和水分利用效率分别显著增大了29.04%、23.93%和28.11%。加气灌溉下番茄果实中番茄红素、维生素C、可溶性糖的含量和糖酸比分别显著增大了37.73%、31.43%、32.30%和45.64%。因此,加气灌溉在促进植株生长发育、提高番茄产量的同时有效提高了果实品质,改善了果实风味。灌水水平由0.6增大到1.0也明显促进了番茄植株的生长发育、提高了果实产量,虽然随果实中番茄红素、可溶性糖含量的下降,果实品质有所降低,但灌水水平对果实品质的影响效应低于加气灌溉,且灌水水平的提高和加气灌溉对番茄产量产生显著的交叉影响效应。因此考虑各处理对番茄生长发育、产量和果实品质的综合影响,kcp为1.0灌水水平下加气灌溉是本试验条件下较优的加气灌溉模式。

英文摘要：

Oxygation,which can impose aerated water to root zoon through Mazzei injector and subsurface drip irrigation（ SDI） line, has been effectively overcoming problems associated with hypoxic soil environment induced by SDI and showing yield potentials and great application prospects. The objective of this study was to explore the impacts of oxygation under different irrigation levels and emitter depths conditions on soil aeration,plant growth,fruit yield and quality. Plot experiments were conducted in a greenhouse during tomato growing season（ from Apr. 11,2016 to Jul. 2,2016） under the oxygation（ O） and SDI（ S） conditions with two different irrigation levels correlated with crop-pan coefficients（ kcp） being 0. 6（ W1） and 1. 0（ W2） and two different emitter depths of 15 cm（ D1） and 25 cm（ D2）,respectively. Consequently,there was a total of eight treatments（ W1D1O,W1D1S,W2D1O,W2D1S,W1D2O,W1D2S,W2D2O and W2D2S） and replied three times,and the plots followed a randomized complete design. In order to assess the benefits of oxygation on soil aeration,variations of soil oxygen concentration（ Os） and soil volumetric water content（ θv） were investigated. Meanwhile,plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,yield of per plant and fruit weight at harvest were measured,and blooming date and the period of flowering were recorded,and the lycoypene,vitamin C,soluble sugar and organic acid contents of fruit were analyzed in order to study the impacts of oxygation on plantgrowth,yield and fruit quality. The results showed that oxygation appeared to improve soil aeration effectively accompanied with Ossignificantly increased by 6. 42%（ P〈0. 05） and θvdecreased by5. 29%,compared with no-aerated SDI. Meanwhile,stem diameter and leaf area with oxygation were significantly 4. 55% and 16. 21% higher than SDI,respectively（ P〈0. 05）. On other hands,compared with SDI treatments,flowering was about 2 days later and the flowering period showed a tendency to prolong under oxygation conditio