中文摘要：

目的：探讨中国广西壮族自治区苗族和仫佬族成年女性血脂异常的检出率、民族差异及危险因素。方法2012年7月—2013年8月随机整群抽取广西壮族自治区融水苗族自治县偏僻村寨的苗族和罗城仫佬族自治县偏僻村寨的仫佬族成年女性共444人,进行问卷调查,抽血检测总胆固醇（ TC）、三酰甘油（ TG）、低密度脂蛋白（ LDL-C）和高密度脂蛋白（ HDL-C）,并采用生物电阻抗法测定体成分；比较两民族的血脂水平、血脂异常的类型及检出率的差异,分析血脂异常与体成分等因素的关联及民族差异。结果苗族和仫佬族女性的TC、TG和LDL-C水平存在明显的差异,除LDL-C外,均为苗族高于仫佬族（P〈0.01）。苗族血脂异常的总检出率为35.25%（86/244）,高于仫佬族的25.00%（50/200）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.420,P＆lt;0.05）；其中高TC血症是苗族最常见的血脂异常类型,高LDL-C血症是仫佬族最常见的血脂异常类型。相同民族血脂异常组的年龄、脂肪量、内脏（皮下）脂肪含量、体脂肪率、BMI、腰臀比、绝经年限、生育子女数等高于正常组,差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.05）；不同民族的血脂异常组比较,苗族的体质量、脂肪量、细胞外液、内脏（皮下）脂肪含量、体脂肪率、BMI、腰臀比及绝经年限均高于仫佬族,差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.01）。 logistic回归分析显示年龄、BMI、腰臀比、体脂肪率、绝经年限和生育子女数均与苗族和仫佬族血脂异常呈正相关（OR〉1,P值均〈0.05）。结论苗族和仫佬族成年女性的血脂异常类型及检出率存在差异；年龄、BMI、腰臀比、体脂肪率、绝经、绝经年限和子女数是两民族女性血脂异常的危险因素；腰臀比和体脂肪率比BMI能更好的预测血脂异常。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the prevalence, risk factors and ethnic differences of dyslipidemia between Mulam and Miao adult women in Guangxi. Methods From July 2012 to August 2013, a total of 444 Mulam and Miao adult women were randomly selected from Luocheng and Rongshui counties of Guangxi, respectively. Questionnaire and blood lipids, including total cholesterol （TC）, triacylglycerol （ TG ）, low-density lipoprotein （ LDL-C ） and high-density lipoprotein （ HDL-C ）, were conducted, and body compositions were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The level of blood lipid, the type and prevalence of dyslipidemia in Mulam women were compared with those of Miao, and the relationship between the dyslipidemia and body composition was analysed. Results There were significant statistical differences in the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C between Mulam and Miao women, and TC, TG in Miao women were higher than those in Mulam（ P 〈 0.01 ） ; The prevalence of dyslipidemia in Miao women was significantly higher than that in Mulam （ χ2 =5. 420, P 〈 0.05 ）. Hypercholesteremia was the most common type of dyslipidemia in Miao women, while the high LDL-C was the most common type of dyslipidemia in Mulam women. Compared with the non-dyslipidemia group in the same ethnicity, the dyslipidemia group showed higher age, fat mass, visceral （subcutaneous） fat content, percentage of body fat （ BF% ）, BMI, waist hip ratio （ WHR）, years of menopause and the number of children （ P 〈 0.05 ）. To compare both different ethnic dyslipidemia groups, Miao women showed higher weight, fat mass, visceral （subcutaneous） fat content, BF%, BMI and WHR than those in Mulam, significantly（P 〈 0.01 ）. Logistic regression showed that the age, BMI, WHR, BF% , years of menopause and the number of children were positively related to dyslipidemia in both Miao and Mulam women （ OR 〉 1, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions There are differences in the prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia between Miao and Mulam adult