中文摘要：

海岸带是陆地、海洋生态系统相互作用的生态过渡地带,也是人类赖以生存的非常独特的景观资源。由于人口增长和对资源的不合理开发,海岸带环境遭到破坏而面临着资源枯竭的危险,保护海岸带景观异质性和生态整体性对海岸带的可持续利用显得尤为重要。江苏海岸带异质景观的形成是受自然驱动要素和干扰共同作用的结果,其影响因素主要包括江苏海岸地貌演化、气候水文条件、土壤植被条件等自然要素和台风暴潮灾害、米草引种和人类开发活动等干扰。江苏海岸带景观具有结构的复杂性、功能的多样性、生态的脆弱性、环境质量较高和高、低对比度兼有等特征。从风景地貌学和旅游开发角度考虑,将江苏海岸带景观划分为北部山海景观类、中部滩涂景观类和南部河口景观类,并在景观类的基础上进一步划分出景观亚类和景观型两个层次。提出了加强景观生态建设,维持景观的异质性,建设射阳河—新洋港流域的荷兰式国家低地生态公园和盐城国家海洋湿地生态公园,适度开发沿海自然保护区景观生态旅游,打造北部山海景观生态旅游特色项目,深入开发南部江海交汇景观,挖掘海岸带旅游景观资源的文化异质性,以及启动辐射沙洲海洋世界自然遗产的申报和建设8项生态旅游规划。

英文摘要：

Coastal zone is the ecotone where terrestrial ecosystem and marine ecosystem interacts. It is a very unique and important natural landscape for the mankind. However, population growth and unreasonable development of the zone has resulted in the destruction of the ecological environment and exhaustion of resources of the zone. Therefore, protection of the landscape heterogeneity and ecological integrity is very important for sustainable utilization of the coastal zone. The formation of the heterogeneity of the coastal landscape in Jiangsu is resulted from both the natural driving factors and interference factors. The natural driving factors include geomorphic evoloution of the coastal zone, climate features, phdrodynamic process, soil and vegetation characteristics etc. The interference factors include disasters of storm surge, spartina introduction and human activities etc. The coastal zone landscape in Jiangsu is characterized by its structrural complexity, functional diversity, ecological frangibility, high quality and dual characteristics of landscape contrast. From the viewpoint of landscape geomorphology and tourism development, Jiangsu coastal landscape is divided into three parts, the mountain and sea landscape in the north, the tidal flat landscape in the middle and the estuarine landscape in the south, based on which it is further divided into landscape subtype. Finally, eight initiatives are suggested for the exploitation of the coastal landscape resources in Jiangsu, that is, strengthening landscape eco-construction, maintenance of the heterogeneity of the landscape, construction of a national lowland ecological park of Holland type in Sheyang Rive-Xinyang Harbor basin, construction of Yancheng national marine wetland park, development of ecotourism resources of the natural reserves appropriately, development of characteristic ecotourism in the north, development of ecotourism of the estuarine landscape in the south, tapping the cultural heterogeneity of ecotourism landscape, and starting application f