中文摘要：

以水洗高岭土为原料,在600～1000℃,以50℃为间隔取点煅烧。通过场发射扫描电镜观察产品的微观形貌、X射线衍射仪分析产品的物相,并用BET物理吸附仪表征产品的比表面积和孔径分布,根据煅烧高岭土的微观形貌、物相组成、吸脱附等温线等,分析其比表面积与吸油性能的关系。结果表明：750℃的煅烧高岭土吸油值最高,为80.272g/100g,此时煅烧高岭土的比表面积最大,孔径分布集中于微孔和中孔,平均孔径最小。煅烧温度低于800℃时,煅烧高岭土的孔径分布较集中于微孔和中孔,比表面积较大,吸油值较高;煅烧温度升高至800℃以后,高岭土发生烧结导致微孔闭塞,孔径分布向中孔和大孔集中,比表面积减小,吸油值较低。因而煅烧高岭土的吸油性能与其比表面积和孔径分布密切相关,孔径分布越集中于微孔,比表面积越大,其吸油值越高。

英文摘要：

A washed kaolin clay was calcinated in the temperature range from 600 ℃ to 1 000 ℃. The microscopic morphology, the phase, the specific surface area and pore size distribution of the products were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and BET nitrogen adsorption measurement, respectively. The relationship between oil absorption and specific surface area was analyzed. The results show that the oil adsorption of calcinated kaolin clay with the smallest average pore size at 750 ℃ is the greatest （i.e., 80.272 g/100 g）. The oil adsorption of calcinated kaolin clay became greater due to the larger specific surface area and the presence of the more concentrated micropore and mesopore in the pore distribution at the calcining temperature of 〈 800 ℃. The microporous occlusion of the kaolin clay occurred when calcinated at 800 ℃, causing the more concentrated mesopore and macropore in the pore distribution. As a result, the oil absorption reduced. The oil absorption of the calcinated kaolin clay was closely related to the specific surface area and the more concentrated micropore in the pore distribution.