中文摘要：

在对应用地表太阳辐射的系统进行热力学第二定律分析时，经常采用5个典型的太阳辐射最大转化效率计算公式。在Candau给出的辐射炯的定义和Gueymard公布的太阳光谱辐射数据的基础上，该文首先获得了不同大气条件和接收面下地表太阳辐射的最大转化效率（炯和能间比值1，并将其作为基准数据，比较和分析了不同大气条件和接收面下由5个典型公式计算得到的地表太阳辐射最大转化效率的精度。结果表明由Petela、Spanner、Parrot和Jeter提出的公式的计算结果高估了地表太阳辐射的最大转化效率，而由Badescu提出的公式计算得到的结果远远低估了地表太阳辐射的最大转化效率。大气条件对地表太阳辐射最大转化效率的影响很大。在应用热力学第二定律分析太阳能转化系统时，地表太阳辐射最大转化效率的精确计算需要考虑大气条件的影响。

英文摘要：

There are five typical approximate formulae of maximum conversion efficiency, which are often used for the second law analysis of the utilization of terrestrial solar radiation. Based on Candau＇s definition of radiative exergy and solar spectral radiation databank developed by Gueymard, the maximum conversion efficiencies （exergy-to-energy ratio） of terrestrial solar radiation under different air mass and tilt angle were obtained and taken as benchmark solution. The accuracies of these five typical approximate formulae of maximum conversion efficiency were compared and analyzed under different atmospheric condition and tilt angle. The results show that, for maximum conversion efficiency of terrestrial solar radiation, the approximate formulae that proposed by Petela, Spanner, Parrot and Jeter overestimates, while that proposed by Badescu underestimates largely. Atmospheric condition heavily affects maximum conversion efficiency of terrestrial solar radiation. The influence of atmospheric condition should be taken into account on the exact computation of maximum conversion efficiency of terrestrial solar radiation for the second law analysis of solar energy conversion systems.