中文摘要：

农村居民点土地置换是解决区域发展中建设用地指标约束，提高农村居民点土地利用效率的有效途径。本文以滁州市南谯区为例，通过构建集主成分分析、聚类分析等手段的综合研究方法，在影响农村居民点土地置换的指标主成分提取、区域内部分级基础上，提出不同等级、不同时段的人均居民点占地标准并应用于农村居民点土地置换潜力测算研究，将测算结果与根据村庄布点规划确定的农村居民点用地规模进行了对比研究。研究结论主要有：南谯区农村居民点土地置换人均占地标准设置第一等级乡镇2010年、2020年分别为150m^2／人、130m^2／人，第二等级乡镇2010年、2020年分别为175m^2／人、150m^2／人，第三等级乡镇2010年、2020年分别为200m^2／人、180m^2／人；南谯区2010年农村居民点土地置换潜力为4576．34hm^2，可置换比例达57．64％，2020年置换潜力为5488．17hm^2，可置换比例达69．12％；测算潜力值高于根据村庄布点规划标准确定的农村居民点置换潜力，认为在同样的人口统计口径标准下，本文测算的置换潜力值的可实现程度更高。

英文摘要：

China has been facing land resources shortage in the context of rapid growth of economic development and population for a long time, particularly the conflict between farmland and land for construction. On the other hand, an extensive usage of land resources will continue for some regions in the future. To this end, land replacement for rural residential areas would be an effective method to alleviate the shortage in land for construction and improve the efficiency for utilization of rural residential land. This can also be taken as optimization of land use structure. In the present study, the authors first calculated the land replacement potential for Nanqiao County, located in Chuzhou City in Anhui Province, and then developed a comprehensive model with the principal component analysis （PCA） and cluster analysis methods. On the basis of an index system accounting for a variety of factors affecting land replacement and regional classification, a series of rural residential standards were proposed in terms of the area of the rural residential standard per capita for different regions and different periods of time. The land replacement potential for rural residential areas was calculated by the comprehensive model and the results were compared with that derived by the site layout planning of the village. It was found that the area of the rural residential standard per capita was 150m2 and 130m2 for towns classified as the levelⅠ, 175m2 and 150m2 for the level Ⅱ, 200m2 and 180m2 for the level Ⅲ in year 2010 and 2020, respectively, based on the cluster analysis method. It was also estimated that the land replacement potential was roughly 4576.34hm2 in 2010 and 5488.17 hm2 in 2020 in the study area, and the percentage of land replacement was around 57.64% and 69.12% in 2010 and 2020, respectively. Given that there were differences between results from other studies and the standard per capita, the estimated potential was found to be larger than the results from village planning. The estimates in the study w