中文摘要：

发车间隔的确定是建立行车计划的基础,合理安排公交运营方案可以在优化公交企业运营成本的同时,有效满足乘客需求.本文提出了在保证公交运营服务水平和所需运营车辆最少的前提下,确定公交发车间隔的模型.在现有的模型基础上考虑了道路交通拥堵对公交运行的影响.引入拥堵系数,建立了基于载客里程的公交发车频率模型.实例分析表明模型使得发车间隔的计算更简单直观.拥堵因子的引入对发车间隔产生了较大的影响,且能有效地优化公交发车间隔.使公交企业更好地平衡了乘客满意度与公交车运行成本.

英文摘要：

The determination of bus headway is the base of bus operation planning.Reasonable bus schedules can optimize the operating costs of bus enterprises and well meet the passengers＇ demand.In this paper,a bus headway model is developed considering the bus service level and the number of operating bus.The traditional model is improved by introducing the congestion coefficient and using the passenger mileage.An example shows that the headway calculation is more simple,and a balance between operating costs and passenger satisfactions are achieved because of the proposed model.The congestion coefficient significantly affects the bus headway determination and optimizes bus schedules.