中文摘要：

针对深井高应力软岩沿空留巷围岩大变形难题,通过现场调研、理论分析和相似模拟试验,分析了围岩特性、支护结构破坏形式及其破坏演化过程,并对围岩破坏机制和围岩控制技术进行了深入系统研究。结果表明：厚层泥岩低强度、软化吸水膨胀及其在强采动高应力状态下碎裂扩容、长期蠕变是围岩大变形的诱因;围岩变形破坏相对于巷道横截面铅垂和水平方向呈明显不对称状态;原有围岩支护系统没有形成一个完整承载结构,使支护体被各个击破,围岩破坏顺序：充填区域顶板破碎→充填体偏心受载压裂片落→巷内顶板急剧倾斜下沉→实体煤帮外鼓片帮,最终导致围岩失稳;提出顶板分区耦合支护和以充填区域顶板为关键纽带的＂四位一体＂围岩控制技术,该技术能够提高巷道整体稳定性,避免围岩局部破坏造成的支护结构失稳,保障巷道安全畅通。

英文摘要：

To solve the large deformation problem of deep gob-side entry retaining in soft rock under high stress, lithological characteristics of surrounding rock, failure modes of supporting structure and its evolutionary process are analyzed by the methods of field investigation, theoretical analysis and similar tests. Failure mechanisms of surrounding rock and its control technology are studied systematically. The results show that the large deformation inducements of surrounding rock are weak thick mudstone with softening property and water absorption behavior, as well as its fragmentation, dilatancy and long-term creep in strong disturbance and highly centralized stress state. The cross-section shape of roadway after deformation and failure of surrounding rock is obviously asymmetric in both horizontal and vertical directions. As the original supporting system of surrounding rock does not form into a complete bearing structure, each part of the supporting system is destroyed one by one. The failure sequences of surrounding rock are as following：（1） roof fracture of backfilling area,（2） backfill fracture under eccentric load,（3） rapid subsidence of roadway roof,（4） external crack drum and rib spalling of solid coal side, and as a result, the instability of the whole surrounding rock occurs. The partitioned coupling support and the quaternity control technology of surrounding rock are proposed, which take the roof of backfilling area as a key link. The technology can improve the overall stability of gob-side entry retaining, avoid support structure instability caused by local failure of surrounding rock, and ensure the safety and smoothness of roadway.