中文摘要：

软X射线自支撑闪耀透射光栅或临界角透射光栅是美国麻省理工学院为满足国际X射线天文台X射线光栅谱仪的科学要求而提出的一种新型衍射光栅，它集中了透射和反射光栅的优点，同时避免它们的缺点．文章对软x射线自支撑闪耀透射光栅的概念、基本原理、制作工艺进行了综述，介绍了美国麻省理工学院的光栅研制工作进展和文章作者的初步研究结果．

英文摘要：

To meet the requirements of the International X-ray Observatory （IXO）, a new kind of diffraction grating called the soft X-ray freestanding blazed transmission grating, or critical-angle transmis- sion （CAT） grating, has been developed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology team. The CAT grating has the advantages of both transmission and reflection gratings, while avoiding their disadvantages. Its basic concept, principle, and fabrication process are reviewed. Recent advances in this field are also presented.