中文摘要：

研究少数民族地区的农村居民的教育收益率可以很好地解释儿童入学和辍学问题。西北少数民族地区农村居民的教育收益率整体上偏低,明瑟方程估计的结果为2%,海克曼模型估计的结果为2.49%,少数民族的教育收益率高于汉族。不同性别之间,汉族男性的教育收益率低于女性,而在各少数民族内部,男性的教育收益率都高于女性。在各个不同的教育阶段,少数民族的教育收益率普遍高于汉族。汉族在小学、初中和高中教育阶段的收益率是逐渐递增的;在初中阶段,全体样本和少数民族的教育收益率为负,教育收益率呈现出＂U＂型结构。

英文摘要：

Children＇s enrollment and drop-outs can be well explained by the rural residents＇ return rate of education in ethnic minority areas.The rural residents＇ return rate of education in northwest ethnic minority areas is generally low.The results of Mincer equation are estimated at 2%,and Heckman model is estimated at the results of 2.49%.The minority groups＇ return rate is higher than that of Han.The Han males＇ return rate is lower than that of the females while in minority groups,the males＇ return rate is higher than that of the females.In different stages of education,the minority groups＇ return rate is generally higher than that of Han.The Han＇s,return rate is gradually increasing from primary school to school;In the junior middle school,all the samples＇ and minority groups＇ return rates are negative,which has shown the ＂U＂ structure.