中文摘要：

建立了单颗磨粒几何模型，运用DEFORM-3D有限元软件模拟Al2O3磨粒与45钢不同相对位置（旋转角度）时磨削力、等效应力、等效应变与磨削温度的变化规律，仿真结果表明：随着磨粒旋转角度的增大，法向磨削力和切向磨削力都增大，其比值约为（1-1.3），磨削温度先增大后减小，磨粒旋转角度越小，越易形成切屑，等效应力最大位置是磨粒耕犁作用产生的堆积材料挤压周围材料的那部分区域，而等效应变的最大位置是磨粒前刀面与工件接触的区域。单颗磨粒切削仿真为磨削加工之前磨削力与磨削温度的预测提供理论依据，也为砂轮的制备提供了参考。

英文摘要：

A three-dimensional geometric model of single grain was built, by asing DEFORM-3D finite element software ,the change rules of grinding force, equivalent stress, equivalent strain and grinding temperature were simulated under the different relative positions （rotation angle ） between Al2O3 grain and 45 steel, and the results showed that with the increase of grain rotation angle, normal grinding force and tangential grinding force both increased, which ratio was about （1-1.3）. However, grinding temperature increased at first but then decreased, and the smaller the grain rotation angle, the easier to form a chip. Maximum equivalent stress was in the area where aceumulational material that produced by grain plowing pressed workpiece material around it, while the maximum equivalent strain was in the contacting area between grain rake face and workpieee.Single grain cutting simulation provided theoretical basis for the predictions of grinding forces and grinding temperature , also provided some references for the the preparation of grinding wheel.