中文摘要：

采用48h急性毒性试验研究了Cu^2＋、Cd^＋和Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋对多刺裸腹溞的48hLC50值,采用生命表试验方法研究了不同浓度的Cu^2＋、Cd^2＋和Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋对多刺裸腹溞生命表统计学参数的影响.结果表明：Cu^2＋、Cd^2＋和Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋对多刺裸腹溞的48hLC50值分别为0.106、0.117和0.212mg·L^-1,Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋的联合急性毒性表现为拮抗作用.Cu^2＋对多刺裸腹溞的生命期望、总生殖率、净生殖率、世代时间和种群内禀增长率均没有显著影响.Cd^2＋和Cu^2＋＋Cd2＋对多刺裸腹溞的生命期望、总生殖率、净生殖率和世代时间均有显著影响,但对种群内禀增长率无显著影响.与对照相比,浓度为0.004和0.005mg·L-1的Cd^2＋以及浓度为0.006～0.010mg·L-1（Cu^2＋：Cd^2＋=1：1,下同）的Cu^2＋＋Cd^＋均显著缩短了多刺裸腹溞的生命期望,降低了其总生殖率;浓度为0.004和0.005mg·L-1的Cd2＋以及浓度为0.008～0.010mg·L-1的Cu2＋＋Cd2＋均显著降低了多刺裸腹溞的净生殖率,缩短了其世代时间.Cu^2＋和Cd^2＋对多刺裸腹溞的慢性联合毒性表现为协同作用.Cd^2＋和Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋浓度与多刺裸腹溞出生时的生命期望、总生殖率、净生殖率和世代时间之间具有显著的剂量-效应关系.

英文摘要：

In this paper,the 48 h LC50 values of Cu^2＋,Cd^2＋ and Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋ （Cu2＋：Cd2＋=1：1） to Moina macrocopa were determined by acute toxicity tests,and the effects of different concentrations of Cu^2＋,Cd^2＋ and Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋ on the life table demography of M.macrocopa were studied by life table demography.The 48 h LC50 of Cu^2＋,Cd2＋ and Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋ to M.macrocopa was 0.106,0.117 and 0.212 mg·L^-1,respectively,and the acute toxicity of Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋ mixture to M.macrocopa showed an antagonistic effect.Cu2＋ had no significant effects on the life expectancy at hatching,gross reproductive rate,net reproductive rate,generation time,and intrinsic rate of population increase of M.macrocopa,whereas Cd^2＋ and Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋ had significant effects on the life expectancy at hatching,gross reproductive rate,net reproductive rate and generation time,but no significant effects on the intrinsic rate of population increase of M.macrocopa.Compared with the control,the 0.004 and 0.005 mg·L^-1 of Cd^2＋ and the 0.006-0.010 mg·L^-1 of Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋ decreased the life expectancy at hatching and the gross reproductive rate of M.macrocopa significantly,and the 0.004 and 0.005 mg·L^-1 of Cd^2＋ and the 0.008-0.010 mg·L^-1 of Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋ reduced the net reproductive rate and the generation time of M.macrocopa significantly.The chronic toxicity of Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋ mixture to M.macrocopa showed a synergistic effect.There existed significant dose-effect relationships between the concentrations of Cd^2＋ and Cu^2＋＋Cd^2＋ and the life expectancy at hatching,gross reproductive rate,net reproductive rate,and generation time of M.macrocopa.