中文摘要：

荧光蛋白在生物学众多研究领域中有着广泛的应用,基于荧光蛋白的分子探针和标记方法已成为活细胞或活体内动态成像研究生物大分子或细胞功能的重要工具。本文对现有荧光蛋白的种类和理化特性,及其在生物学研究中的应用进行了综述介绍。重点介绍了近年来荧光蛋白在亮度、Stokes位移、光谱改变等方面的研究进展,介绍了光转换与光活化荧光蛋白及其在超分辨荧光成像技术中的应用。最后对荧光蛋白未来的发展方向进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Fluorescent proteins have been widely applied in biological research.The application of them became an important strategy for real-time imaging in living cells or in vivo.Here we gave a brief review about their types and physical chemistry properties and their application in biological research.We specially introduce some research progresses in respects to brightness,stocks shift and spectral properties.Photoactivable and photoswitchable fluorescent proteins and high-resolution fluorescent microscopy is also reviewed.At last,the fluorescent proteins were discussed with future perspectives.