中文摘要：

目的通过小鼠胚胎干细胞定向分化出的内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞构建组织工程小口径血管。方法将小鼠胚胎干细胞诱导分化出的内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞分别种植于管状聚乳酸-羟基乙酸（polylactic glycolic acid，PLGA）管腔内面，构建出小口径组织工程血管，再将其移植入裸鼠皮下，每隔1周取1次包埋的小口径组织工程血管，共取3次；再行HE染色，免疫组化行内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞鉴定，并且在倒置相差显微镜下观察其形态。结果倒置相差显微镜下观察结果显示小鼠胚胎干细胞诱导分化出的平滑肌细胞呈长梭形，而内皮细胞呈“鹅卵石”样；HE染色显示平滑肌、内皮细胞在PLGA表面上延伸生长；动物体内移植实验结果显示，管状PLGA皮下小口径组织工程血管移植后逐渐降解、直至变薄中断，免疫组织化学和HE染色显示管腔内的血管平滑肌样细胞和内皮样细胞在PLGA上呈片状融合生长，并见大量的细胞外基质。结论胚胎干细胞诱导的平滑肌和内皮细胞与PLGA有良好亲和性，可以用胚胎干细胞与PLGA制作小口径组织工程血管。

英文摘要：

Objective Use the endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells orientation induced differentiate into by mouse embryonic stem cells to construction small-diameter tissue engi neering vascular . Methods Implant smooth muscle cells and endothelial ceils to the inside tubiform of the polylactic glycolic acid（PLGA ）to construct small-diameter vascular. Nude mice were implanted subcutaneously with vascular scaffolds and sacrificed each week to get grafts for 3 times after implantation,the scaffolds were analyzed by HE staining and immunohistochemistry to identify both of the vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells through inverted microscope. Results To observation by inverted microscope, Endothelial cells （ECs）were paving stone-liked and vascular smooth muscle cells（SMCs ）were fursiform; Both of the cells lived and extended to the surface of the PLGA in vitro,which were observed by HE staining;the result of the implantation indicated that tubular PLGA were degraded,even disappeared in the mice subcutaneously, Immunochemical and HE staining analyses showed co-culturing of SMCs and ECs clumps grew, a large amount of extraeellular matrix was also be found through inverted microscope. Conclusion Induced embryonic stem cells as SMCs and ECs have good biocompatibility with PLGA,and both of them could be the better biomaterial for the small-diameter tissue engineering vascular.