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中文摘要：
流注是先导发展的前驱，是雷电发展的重要阶段。为了解雨滴大小对流注开始和发展的影响，利用3种不同粒径的水雾来模拟云中雨滴。在测定水滴粒径和体积分数的基础上，对比分析放电路径对水雾和空气的选择概率，研究水滴粒径和水雾位置对放电发展的影响，并用截波法分析水雾对放电通道的影响。结果表明，水雾位置和水滴粒径对放电发展起到关键作用，水雾的位置靠近棒电极，直接影响着流注第一步的发展，且相关的影响因素由水雾中液滴的粒径决定。截波法分析的结果证实了水滴是水雾中流注呈树枝状发展的诱因，并发现正极性下40μm雾滴粒径的水雾中发展速度略低于空气中的发展速度，这解释了该种水雾对放电开始和发展有抑制作用的原因。
英文摘要：
Streamer is not only the prelude of leader discharge development, but also the important stage of lightning. In order to understand the influence of water droplet sizes on the initiation and growth of discharge, three droplets with different sizes were applied to simulate rain droplets in cloud. Droplet sizes in three mist and volume fractions of water droplets were measured by particle image velocimetry （PIV） system. Based on directly comparative analyses of the percentages of the discharge path on mist or air in a non-uniform field, at atmospheric pressure, it revealed that water droplet sizes have the significant impact on the initiation and growth of discharge. With lightning impulse chopped wave results, the branching of streamers in mist is caused by the droplets, and the velocity of positive discharge in mist with droplet diameter of 40μm is slower than that in air, which offers explanations for the negative impact of this kind of mist on the initiation and growth of positive discharge.
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