中文摘要：

测得了195单缸柴油机不同工况时的缸内压力及缸盖振动加速度信号，对压力升高加速度信号的频谱分析结果表明，对该机型而言，缸盖振动加速度信号在2kHz以下频段的成分与缸内燃烧过程密切相关。建立了195单缸柴油机的有限元分析模型，利用模型计算了柴油机缸盖表面振动位移及加速度信号，并分别与实测缸内燃烧压力及压力升高加速度信号进行对比分析。结果表明：根据与缸内燃烧过程的相关程度，可将柴油机缸盖振动信号划分为3个阶段，其中，峰值压力出现时刻前的信号与缸内燃烧过程密切相关；峰值压力出现时刻后，缸盖、机体系统相继进入受迫振动和自由振动阶段，受系统振动特性的影响，这两个阶段包含的与燃烧相关的信息减弱。

英文摘要：

Cylinder pressure signal and vibration signal are measured from a 195 diesel engine. Analysis of pressure rise acceleration signal shows that there exists a close relationship between the component of vibration acceleration signal under 2 kHz and the combustion process. Displacement and acceleration of cylinder head are calculated using a model based on finite element analysis and are compared with combustion pressure and pressure rise acceleration signal. Results show that vibration signal measured from cylinder head can be divided into three phases. The vibration signal before peak pressure is closely related to combustion process. After peak pressure, system including cylinder head and block experiences forced vibration phase and free vibration phase, the two phases are little related to combustion process due to the effect of system vibration characteristics.