中文摘要：

地质力学模型试验是研究滑坡形成机制的重要手段之一。分析滑坡模型试验中的相似现象与相似方法基础上，以三峡水库滑坡物理模型试验为研究背景，采用自主研制的考虑雨水作用的大型滑坡物理模型试验平台，推导滑坡模型试验的相似判据。针对传统相似理论在滑坡地质力学模型试验应用中的畸变问题，提出滑坡物理模型试验畸变修正方法。利用该方法建立滑坡物理模型试验新的相似条件和相似环境，以三峡库区千将坪滑坡模型试验研究为例，揭示该滑坡为牵引与推移式并存的二段式启动机制。采用模型畸变修正方法，对滑坡各剖面的极限位移进行预测，进一步完善滑坡物理模型的试验理论与方法。

英文摘要：

The test of geomechanical model is an important tool to study the formation mechanism of landslide. Based on analysis of similarity theories of landslide physical model and characteristics of Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the similarity criterions of 17 parameters from the test of landslide geomechanical model were deduced using self-developed large-scale landslide physical model test flume. The correction method of the aberration, which consists of similarity theory of landslide geomechanical model test, was proposed. On the basis of the correction method of the aberration, the new similar conditions and environments are established. The proposed method has been tested in a practical application to Qianjiangping landslide model in Three Gorges Reservoir Area. It shows the initial mechanism of this landslide is two-section that both of retrogressive and non-retrogressive exit, and the proposed method has improved both landslide geomechanical model test and theory.