中文摘要：

为提高三轴稳定卫星姿态确定精度，针对典型的陀螺/星敏感器联合定姿方案，结合二阶非线性滤波估计，推导了一种利用星敏感器对陀螺进行实时在轨标定的算法.充分考虑卫星姿态测量过程中可能出现的各种误差源，建立陀螺安装误差、标定因子误差以及漂移模型，并对陀螺测量过程中可能出现的各种误差进行在轨补偿，为卫星姿态确定和校正提供丰富的姿态测量信息，以确保姿态测量器件长期在轨工作精度.采用该算法对哈尔滨工业大学＂试验卫星一号＂遥测数据进行复算和校核，结果与实际飞行数据吻合，验证了该在轨标定算法的有效性和可靠性.

英文摘要：

To improve the accuracy of three-axis attitude determination of satellite, a real-time on-orbit cali bration algorithm for gyros and star sensors is proposed using second-order nonlinear filtering. Considering the error sources during satellite attitude measurement, a model of gyros misalignment, scale factor error and drift is constructed. Comparing with the other calibration algorithms, the proposed algorithm provides more attitude information for satellite attitude determination and correction and guarantees the long-term on-orbit working precision of attitude sensors. The simulation results, using the data from the on-orbit satellite ＂TS - 1＂ of Harbin Institute of Technology, are identical with the actual results. They verify the availability and feasibility of the proposed On-orbit calibration algorithm.