中文摘要：

各种外界因素如创伤、手术、感染、缺氧、强光、噪音等通过一定强度作用于机体可以引起机体特异性和非特异性反应，非特异性反应与刺激因素性质无直接关系，称为应激（stress）。近年来，随着社会的发展，生活节奏的加快、自然环境和生活环境的恶化，应激已经成为威胁人类健康的重要因素，有关应激影响机体健康的研究备受国内外学者的重视，而合适的应激动物模型的建立对应激研究的顺利开展有着重要意义。本文就目前应激动物模型的病理生理特点、种类、制作和评价方法等进行综述，旨在为应激研究提供参考。

英文摘要：

Various external factors, such as trauma, operation, hypoxia, highlight and noise, may result in the specific and non-specific reactions in our bodies to some extent. The non-specific reactions are not related to the stimulus characters. In recent years, stress has become one of the most serious factors threatening the people＇s health with the acceleration of life rhythm and deterioration of the environment. The stress related pathophysiological changes have gained much attention. Hence, the establishment of moderate animal models is of great importance for stress studies. In this review, we summarized the pathological basis of some stress models and compared the potential differences between them so as to supply the useful information for future stress research.