中文摘要：

为探索近红外光谱技术在生鲜牛奶掺假检测中的应用,寻找一种快速的检测方法,以分别掺有植物奶油、植物蛋白、淀粉的牛奶为材料,利用傅里叶变换近红外光谱仪对样品进行扫描并得到光谱数据,应用Fisher线性判别分析和偏最小二乘法对试验数据进行了多元统计分析。分析结果表明,利用Fisher判别分析建立的掺假牛奶判别模型的正确判别率达到97.78%,对未知样进行检验,正确判别率达到94.44%;利用偏最小二乘法建立的各掺假物质掺入量的定量检测模型,各掺假牛奶的校正集决定系数（R2）均在99.0%以上,各掺假牛奶的验证集决定系数均在98.5%以上,模型的预测效果良好。上述2种方法说明了近红外光谱技术可以实现对掺有植物性填充物牛奶的快速定性、定量鉴别。

英文摘要：

In order to find out a fast measure method of adulterated milk based on near infrared spectroscopy,milk adulterated with plant butter,vegetable protein and starch was collected respectively. Using Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy to scan the samples,the spectrum data were obtained. The samples were scanned in the spectral region between 4 000 and 12 000 cm-1 by FT-NIR spectrometer with an optic fiber of 2 mm path-length and an InGaAs detector. Then all data were analyzed by principal component analysis combined with Fisher line discriminant analysis （FLDA） and partial least squares （PLS）. Results show that the accumulative reliabilities of the first six components were more than 99%,so the first six components were applied as FLDA inputs and the values of the type of milk were applied as the outputs. An adulterated milk qualitative discriminant model based on Fisher line discriminant analysis was developed finally. The result indicated that the accuracy of detection of calibration samples is 97.78%. The unknown test samples were tested by this model and the correct identification rate is 94.44%. Partial least square models for detecting the content of material added to raw milk were set up with good veracity. The predictive correlation coefficient （R^2） of calibration sets of milk adulterated with plant butter,vegetable protein and starch are 99.08%,99.96% and 99.39%,respectively,while the root mean square errors of cross validation （RMSECV） of the three calibration sets are 0.304%,0.013 5% and 0.060%,respectively. The R^2 of validation sets of the three kinds of adulterated milk are 98.50%,99.94% and 98.50%,respectively,while the root mean square errors of prediction （RMSEP） of the three validation sets are 0.323%,0.028 8% and 0.068%,respectively. All of these suggested that near infrared spectroscopy has good potential for rapid qualitative and quantitative detection of milk adulterated with botanical filling material.