采用光学显微镜、透射电子衍射和扫描电子衍射显微分析技术,结合力学性能检测和电导率测定的方法,研究双级固溶温度和时间对7A55铝合金板材力学性能的影响。结果表明:最佳双级固溶制度为450℃,90min+485℃,40min。采用该固溶制度经120℃,24h时效后,板材的拉伸力学性能达到σb=648.4MPa.σ0.2=629.6MPa及δ=11.9%。第一级固溶制度是影响板材力学性能的主要因素,最佳固溶温度为450℃。在450℃进行第一级固溶后,样品发生了较强的回复,由于降低了再结晶驱动力,第二级高温固溶在获得较高的合金元素过饱和度的同时,仅发生较少的再结晶,从而在随后的时效过程中产生更高的析出强化效应。
The effects of temperature and time of two-stage solution on mechanical properties of 7A55 aluminium alloy sheet were investigated by optical microscopy, TEM and SEM analyses and tensile testing and electrical conductivity test. The optimal two-stage solution treatment is 450 ℃, 90 min+485 ℃, 40 min. The mechanical properties σ, σ0.2 and δ reach 648.4 MPa, 629.6 MPa and 11.9%, respectively, after aging at 120 ℃ for 24 h. The results show that the first stage solution is crucial to the mechanical properties, and the optimal temperature is 450 ℃. The extensive recovery occurs after the first stage solution at 450 ℃, which reduces the driving force of recrystallization. Consequently, higher alloying elements supersaturation in matrix is obtained at the second stage high temperature solution and only little recrystallization happens. As a result, a better precipitation strengthening effect in subsequent aging is attained.