中文摘要：

草业科学,即草地农业科学,属农学的一个分支.中国草地农业走过漫长的道路,直到20世纪80年代才具有现代草业的雏形.它参照欧洲、北美和俄罗斯的学术传统,建立了自己的草业科学体系.中国草业科学由3个板块构成,即3类因子群（生物因子群、非生物因子群和社会因子群）、3个界面（植物-地境界面、草地-家畜界面和草畜-市场界面）和4个生产层（前植物生产层、植物生产层、动物生产层和后生物生产层）.草业科学的多维结构护持其健康运转.近30年来,随着中国食物结构中谷物性食品比重逐渐下降,动物性食品迅速增加,对饲用作物需求压力增大,草地农业的营养体生产远比耕地农业籽实生产的效益高,而且远比耕地农业更有利于生态健康,它势将逐步取代传统耕地农业而成为中国农业的主流,从而使中国农业走出困境.社会的需求和国家空前的支持,中国现代草业科学将迎来从未有过的机遇并将快速成长.目前有些领域已经进入世界前列,并为世界瞩目.

英文摘要：

Pratacultural science refers to the study of grassland agriculture, which is a branch of agricultural science. It was not until 1980 s that the modern prataculture took shape in China although the country has a long history of grassland agriculture. China has developed its own discipline system of pratacultural science in assimilating the academic tradition of Europe, North America and Russia. The pratacultural science of China consists of the studies of three major parts, namely the three factor groups（the biotic, abiotic and social factor groups）, three interfaces（the plant-land interface, the pasture-livestock interface and the pasture/animal-market interface）, and four production subsystems（the pre-plant production, the plant production, the animal production and the post-biotic production subsystems）. The functioning of pratacultural science is maintained by its multidimensional structure. In the past three decades, the consumption of cereals as food by Chinese people has been declining while that of food of animal origin has been increasing rapidly, leading to a sharp increase in the demand for feed and forage crops. Grassland agriculture, with its main outputs based on vegetative growth rather than reproductive growth of plants, is more efficient as well as more ecological than the arable agriculture only relying on grain production. Grassland agriculture is bound to gradually replace the traditional arable agriculture in China, becoming the main stream of the agriculture of China, and thus to mitigate the problems in China＇s agricultural development. With the demand by the society and the unprecedented support from the national government, China＇s modern pratacultural science has a never-had opportunity for its develop. Currently China is at a leading position in some research areas of pratacultural science in the world.