中文摘要：

在福建省长汀县水土流失区土壤调查与实验的基础上，对土壤理化特征进行深入分析．研究表明：研究区内因水土流失严重，土壤质地太粗，土壤养分的全量与速效含量都很低，全P和速效P的含量尤为明显，要使植被得以恢复，施肥特别是施用磷肥是一个极为重要的环节．各种土壤养分含量均随土壤侵蚀程度的增强而呈递减之势．裸露坡地土壤养分各指标均明显低于研究区的平均水平，不同的水土流失治理措施均促进了土壤肥力的提高，以园地对坡地土壤肥力的提高作用尤为明显．种植草被对磷素含量的提高起到积极的作用．随着植被覆盖度的增加，土壤养分各指标含量都随之呈现增大之势，水土流失区种植草被是生态恢复与重建的关键环节．

英文摘要：

Based on soil investigation and experimentation in the Changtin, the physical and chemical characteristics of soil were analyz area of soil and water loss in ed. The results show that soil texture is too coarse, total nutrient contents and quick-acting contents of soil are very lower, especially total P content and quick-acting P contents, because of serious soil and water loss in researching region. Therefore, applying fertilizer, especially P fertilizer, is a important link for restoration of the vegetation. Various soil nutrient contents decreased with the increasing intensity of soil erosion. Various soil nutrient contents of bare land is lower than average level of researching area. All control mea- sures of soil and water loss increased the soil fertility, especially planting fruits. Planting grasses played an active role for increasing P content obviously. All soil nutrient contents increased with the increase of vegetation coverage. Planting grass vegetation is a key link for ecological restoration and rehabilitation.