中文摘要：

【目的】探索对立违抗性障碍（oppositional defiant disorder，ODD）儿童冲动控制任务时的脑功能特点。【方法】10例ODD和10例对照组男童，以GOSTOP冲动控制为刺激任务，进行功能性核磁共振成像（functional magnetic resonance imaging，fMRI）；然后对两组数据标准化、合并和平均；比较两组脑激活图像的分布和各个激活区域的面积。【结果】两组儿童大脑的额极（额中回、额下回和眶部前部）和部分颞极（颞下回、颞中回）明显激活，两组激活区域分布没有质的差异；对照组在以上相关区域激活较集中，其他脑区激活少；ODD组在以上区域激活面积大于对照组，此外还可见其他多处皮质和皮质下结构被激活。【结论】额极在冲动行为控制中扮演重要角色；ODD组比对照组需要动用更多的额极及其他脑区参与冲动控制任务，提示ODD儿童额极功能相对低下。

英文摘要：

[Objective] To explore the specific functional areas difference which mainly associated with impulsivity in brain between oppositional defiant disorder （ODD） and healthy controls by functional magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. [Methods] Ten ODD children and 10 health boys were freewill tested by functional MRI when were playing GOSTOP impulsivity paradigm, then averaged these dates in two groups and compared activation regions. [Results] Functional MRI showed that frontal pole （ inferior frontal gyrus,middle frontal gyrus and orbital gyrus） and temporal pole （inferior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus） mainly participated GOSTOP impulsivity task. Activation range in these regions and more other brain activation regions than were bigger in ODD group than that in control group. [Conclusion] There are much neuromechanisms related with multiplicity impulsivity. Frontal pole maybe significant role in these neuromecbanisms . ODD children are hypofunction in this gyrus.