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中文摘要：
采用理论分析和数值模拟方法，对超高速撞击过程中产生的等离子体特性进行了研究。首先，结合热力学和统计物理理论，建立热电离物理模型，推导出热平衡等离子体电离度与温度的关系；进而由热平衡状态下的速度分布，获得等离子体电导率与温度的关系；最后，建立铝弹丸撞击靶板的三维有限元模型，模拟出弹丸以6．0km／s的初速度、60°入射角斜撞击平板的全过程，给出物理模型中所需的物理参数，分析了超高速撞击过程中产生的等离子体特性。通过对比物理实验中测得的等离子体参数，表明模型预测结果与实验结果具有较好的一致性，验证了该模型的有效性。
英文摘要：
The characteristics of the plasma generated by hypervelocity impact have been studied by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Based on the theory of thermodynamics and statistical physics,a model of thermal ionization is proposed to describe the relationship between the degree of ionization and temperature. Plasma conductivity related to temperature is obtained by considering the velocity distribution law at heat balance. Three-dimensional model of an aluminum plate impacted by a spherical projectile with 6.0 km/s at an angle of 60° is established,and the corresponding simulation is performed. Then the parameters of the physical model are obtained, and the characteristics of plasma generated by hypervelocity impact are analyzed. There is a good agreement between the model predic- tions and the experiment results, which indicates that the model is effective and reasonable for analy- zing the characteristics of plasma.
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