中文摘要：

背景：软骨细胞外基质具有众多的信号分子蛋白和因子，其成分和特性最接近天然软骨组织，因而其很可能是构建组织工程软骨的最理想原料。 目的：探讨海藻酸钙-软骨细胞外基质混合凝胶微球复合人脐带Wharton胶间充质干细胞在裸鼠皮下异位构建组织工程软骨的可行性。 方法：制备软骨细胞外基质微丝悬液，将人脐带Wharton胶间充质干细胞接种于海藻酸钙-软骨细胞外基质混合凝胶微球中体外培养后植入裸鼠背部皮下（实验组），以人脐带 Wharton 胶间充质干细胞混合于单纯藻酸盐凝胶微球作为对照组，于4周后取材进行大体和组织学苏木精-伊红、甲苯胺蓝、番红O及Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化观察。结果与结论：体外培养时微球中干细胞呈球形软骨细胞样形态，生长、增殖情况良好；实验组术后第4周取材可见外形呈类软骨样组织块，甲苯胺蓝、番红O及Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色阳性，镜下观察可见大量类软骨样细胞及类软骨陷窝样结构，植入的混合凝胶微球周围组织无明显炎症反应；对照组显示微球部分降解，周围仅有少量炎症细胞及淋巴细胞。结果可见海藻酸钙-软骨细胞外基质具有良好的组织相容性，复合干细胞形成的微球植入裸鼠皮下可以构建为类软骨样组织。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND：Cartilage extracelular matrix with a large number of signaling molecule proteins and factors is likely to be an ideal material for tissue engineering cartilage. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the possibility of calcium alginate and cartilage extracelular matrix combined with microencapsulated stem cels derived from human umbilical cord Wharton’s jely to construct ectopic tissue-engineered cartilage in nude mice. METHODS： Microfilament suspension of the cartilage extracelular matrix was prepared. Human stem cels derived from Wharton’s jely of the umbilical cord were inoculated in to calcium alginate and cartilage extracelular matrix gel microspheres as experimental group. Stem cels derived from human umbilical cord Wharton’s jely were incubated in simple alginate gel microspheres as control group. After in vitro culture, the microspheres wereimplanted into the dorsal subcutaneous tissue of nude mice. Samples were taken after 4 weeks, respectively, for gross and histological observation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：The stem cels exhibited paralel-chondrocyte morphology in microspheres, which grew and proliferated quite wel during in vitro culture. A new paralel-cartilaginous tissue was found in the subcutaneous tissue 4 weeks after surgery in the experimental group, and the tissue was positive for hematoxylin-eosin, safranine O, toluidine blue and colagen II. A large number of paralel-chondrocytes and cartilage lacuna-like structures were observed under a microscope with no obvious inflammatory reaction around the microspheres. The control group showed the partial degradation of microspheres, surrounded by only a smal number of inflammatory cels and lymphocytes. Calcium alginate and cartilage extracelular matrix microspheres have a rather good histocompatibility which can be used to construct paralel-cartilaginous tissues by implanting stem cel-microspheric compound into the subcutaneous tissue of nude mice.