中文摘要：

微小RNA（microRNAs,miRNAs）是一类内源性的长约22个核苷酸的非蛋白编码的单链RNA分子,通过转录后水平调节基因的表达,参与细胞分化、增殖、凋亡及肿瘤等疾病的调节。本文主要综述了近年来miRNA在急性白血病中表达谱与作用的研究,并总结了miRNA有望成为急性白血病的潜在的治疗靶点或工具。为进一步深入了解急性白血病的发病机制与治疗靶点提供借鉴作用。

英文摘要：

MicroRNAs（miRNAs）（-22 nucleotides in length） are a class of single-stranded non-protein coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at posttranscriptional level and involve in the regulation of cell differentiation,proliferation,apoptosis and tumorigenesis.This review is about the study of expression profile and functions of microRNAs in acute leukaemia in recent years and the possibilities that microRNAs might be potential targets or tools in acute leukaema treatment,which will play a role on deeply understanding leukaemogenesis and treatment.