中文摘要：

目前激素补充疗法与乳腺癌的问题已成为研究热点,近年来关于这个问题的研究结果 不一,有的表明单一雌激素治疗可通过雌激素的促凋亡作用降低乳腺癌的风险;另有结果 表明,如果妇女经过5年以上的雌/孕激素联合治疗,乳腺癌风险将增加;而多数表明联合激素补充疗法可增加乳腺癌的风险,导致乳腺癌的主要危险因素是激素补充疗法中的孕激素成分.该文就激素补充疗法与乳腺癌发病风险问题对其临床研究及生物学合理性进行讨论.

英文摘要：

At present the issue of hormone replacement therapy （HRT） and risk of breast cancer has become a hot topic, but researches are controversial in results. Some of them show that estrogen-only therapy can reduce the risk of breast cancer via inducing apoptosis of estrogen, while other clinical studies show that the risk of breast cancer will increase after more than 5 years of estrogen/progestin combination treatment. Most of studies demonstrate that combined HRT increases the risk of breast cancer, and the major risk is from components of progesterone. The article made discussion on clinical studies on HRT and risk of breast cancer and on biological fitness.