中文摘要：

目的：探讨辐射对脑海马神经元的影响以及脑海马的损伤机制,为放射性脑损伤治疗策略提供理论基础。方法：查阅相关参考文献,涉及以下研究方法：氚水照射妊娠小鼠后,利用放射免疫（RIA）检测试剂盒测定仔鼠脑垂体中神经肽类物质生长抑素（SOM）和下丘脑中精氨酸加压素（AVP）含量;氚水和X射线照射妊娠大鼠后,分离培养仔鼠神经元与对照组进行形态学比较,并利用HE染色方法检测大脑皮质第V层凋亡细胞数。结果：氚水照射后雄性仔代小鼠脑垂体中SOM和下丘脑中AVP含量分别显著升高和降低;氚水可致大鼠神经元形态学发生明显变化,同时可使大脑皮质第V层凋亡细胞的百分数增加,且神经元凋亡百分数高于X射线照射组。结论：辐射对脑神经肽含量产生影响,对神经行为和学习记忆能力产生影响,可致脑海马神经元发生形态学改变,并引起中脑细胞凋亡。

英文摘要：

Objective：To explore the effects of radiation on hippocampus neuron and the related damage mechanism in order to provide the theory base for treatment strategy of radiation brain injury.Methods：We looked up the scientific literature including following methods.Pregnant mice were irradiated with tritiated water,and then the contents of SOM in pars intermedia and AVP in hypothalamus of newborn mice were detected by radioimmunoassay.Pregnant rats were irradiated with tritiated water or X-ray,and the neuronal cells derived from the newborn rats were cultured.The morphology of cultured neuronal cells was compared with those of normal neuronal cells.The number of apoptotic cells in cortical fifth layer was measured by HE staining.Results：After radiation with tritiated water,the level of SOM in pars intermedia of newborn mouse and AVP content in hypothalamus content of male newborn mouse significantly increased and decreased,respectively.Radiation with tritiated water could result in the morphology change of neuronal cells and increase the percent of apoptosis cells in cortical fifth layer.Moreover,the percent of apoptosis cells in tritiated water group was higher than that in the X ray group.Conclusion：Radiation could impact on brain neuropeptide contents,and neurobehavioral,learning and memonic ability,result in the morphology change of hippocampal neurons,and induce the midbrain cells apoptosis.