中文摘要：

目的用动静脉造瘘方法制备容量负荷型心脏肥大大鼠模型,探索以超声心动图方法评价筛选成功模型。方法采用腹主动脉-下腔静脉造瘘法制作容量负荷心脏肥大大鼠模型,在术后1周采用M型超声心动图方法检测心脏结构;采用多普勒超声探测瘘口处血流来筛选成功模型,将模型分为对照组、手术成功组及手术失败组;动静脉瘘口处显示五色镶嵌的彩色血流,并且连续多普勒在此处可探及高速连续的湍流频谱者定为手术成功,否则为手术失败;比较各组间超声心动图测量的心肌重量以及尸检的心脏称重,以检测该超声筛选方法的准确性。结果与手术失败组及假手术组相比较,手术成功组的左室内径及容积均增大,右心室和全心重量增加;手术失败组和假手术组之间超声心动图参数以及尸检的心脏称重无差异。结论多普勒超声可在早期、无创、准确地用于动静脉瘘造成心脏容量超负荷心脏肥大大鼠模型的筛选和评价。

英文摘要：

Objective To identify the feasibility of aortocaval fistular-inducd cardiac hypertrophy rat model screening by echocardiogram examination.Methods Volume overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy was established by abdominal aortocaval fistula（ACF）.One week after the operation,cardiac structure and function were analyzed by echocardiograph.Doppler echocardiogram examination was used to assess whether the abdominal aortocaval fistula was successful.All the models were divided into sham-operated group,successful group and unsuccessful group.Operated rats with mosaic jet and high velocity flow at aortocaval fistula detected by echocardiogram examination were named successful group,other operated rats without those were named unsuccessful group.Echocardiographic parameters and heart weight from necroscopy were compared among the groups.Results Compared with the sham-operated group and the unsuccessful group,the inner diameter and volume of left ventricle by echocardiography enlarged in the successful group,right ventricular mass and heart weight from necroscopy also increased.However,heart mass derived by echocardiography and heart weight balanced from necroscopy have no significant difference between sham-operated group and unsuccessful group.Conclusion Doppler echocardiogram examination is a non-invaded and feasible way for the screening and evaluation of volume overload ACF-induced cardiac hypertrophy at early stage.