中文摘要：

为揭示土地利用空间自相关格局与自然社会经济因素的耦合关系,以黄土丘陵沟壑区的小理河流域为研究区,基于全局Moran’s I、Moran散点图和Anselin local Moran’s I分析了500 m×500 m格网尺度上流域土地利用全局和局部空间自相关格局,利用GIS技术研究各类用地在p〈0.05显著性水平下局部聚集区与高程、坡度、坡向、与水域距离、与道路距离、与居民点距离的关系。结果表明,各土地利用类型都表现出全局空间正自相关特性,但空间正自相关性随着距离的增加而逐渐减弱,且在32 km以内不同土地利用类型自相关程度的空间衰减强度不同。耕地、草地的空间分布呈显著的HH（高值-高值）、LL（低值-低值）聚集趋势,而园地、林地、建设用地和未利用地呈显著的HH聚集趋势。草地HH聚集区主要分布在流域中、上游的丘陵或山地区,林地HH聚集区主要分布在流域下游沟壑区和上游山地区,其他地类HH聚集区集中分布在流域下游宽阔黄土梁或开阔河谷区。随高程和坡度增加,各地类HH、LL聚集区面积总体呈先增加后减小的趋势。在1 000~1 300 m高程区、15°~25°的坡度区以及正阳向和正阴向区域,是各地类HH聚集分布最多样、面积最集中的区域。建设用地和林地HH聚集区主要分布在1 000~1 100 m高程区,耕地、园地和未利用地HH聚集区主要分布在1 100~1 200 m高程区,草地HH聚集区主要分布在1 200~1 300 m高程区。各地类HH聚集区按平均坡度由小到大依次为：建设用地、耕地、园地、林地、未利用地、草地。建设用地、园地和耕地HH聚集区主要分布在正阳向和半阳向区域（正阳向面积最多）,林地和草地HH聚集区主要分布在正阴向和正阳向区域（正阴向面积最多）。距水域和道路越远,除未利用地外,各地类HH聚集区面积呈不断减小的趋势;距居民点越远,草地HH聚集区面积呈先增加后减小趋?

英文摘要：

Aiming to reveal the coupling relationship between land use spatial autocorrelation patterns and natural-social-economic factors of Xiaolihe watershed located in loess hilly-gully region,the global and local spatial autocorrelation patterns of land use types were analyzed by the methods of Moran＇s I,Moran scatter plot and Anselin local Moran＇s I in the 500 m × 500 m grid scale,meanwhile,the relationships between local cluster zones and the selected environmental factors were analyzed at the p 0. 05 significant level based on GIS technology. The selected environmental factors included elevation,slope,aspect,water,roads and residential areas. The results showed that all land use types showed positive global spatial autocorrelation,but it was gradually decreased with the increase of distance. Within the distance of 32 km,spatial attenuation intensity of autocorrelation of each land use type was different from the extension of distance. The spatial distribution of cultivated land and grassland showed significant HH（ high value-high value） and LL（ low value-low value） cluster trends,and that of garden land,forest land,construction land and unused land showed significant HH cluster trend. The HH cluster zones of grassland were mainly distributed in hills or mountains of the midstream and upstream watershed,the HH cluster zones of forest land were mainly distributed in gullies of the downstream watershed and mountains of the upstream watershed,and those of others were mainly distributed in wide loess ridges and wide river valleys of the downstream watershed. With the increase of elevation and slope,the areas of HH and LL cluster zones of each land use type were increased firstly and then decreased. The region,which was located in the elevation area of 1 000 ~ 1 300 m,the slope area of 15° ~ 25°,the sunny area and shady slope area,was the most diverse and concentrated area of HH cluster distribution of land use types. The HH cluster zones of construction land and forest land were mainly distributed in the