中文摘要：

为了研究层状地基中锚杆受力变形特性，引入4种锚固界面荷载传递模型，给出了其统一数学表达式，并基于荷栽传递法和传递矩阵法，选取适合各土层的锚固界面荷栽传递模型，推导出了锚固体周边土体处于不同受力状态时的锚杆位移、轴力、剪应力计算式，并以工程实例检验了该方法的可行性以及荷载传递模型选取的合理性；讨论了荷载传递模型、土层相对层序对层状地基中锚杆受力变形特性的影响。研究结果表明：土层力学性质及其层序对锚杆影响较大，在对层状地基中锚杆设计计算时，各土层应该选用适合其力学性质的荷栽传递模型，否则将直接影响到对锚杆承载力以及位移的准确估计。

英文摘要：

Four types of load transfer models defining the anchorage interface with one unified mathematical expression were introduced to investigate the mechanical and deformation characteristics of bolts embedded in layered ground soil. Based on load transfer method and transfer matrix method, analytic formulas of the displacement, axial force and shear stress of bolts where the surrounding soil was under different stress states were derived by using load transfer model suitable for all soil. Validity of the proposed approach and rationality of selected load transfer model were verified by engineering projects. The influences of the selected load transfer model, the relative sequence of soil layer on the mechanical and deformation characteristics of bolts were all discussed. The results show that the mechanical characteristics and the sequence of soil layers have great impacts on anchor bolts. Thus, when anchor bolts in layered ground are designed and calculated, each soil layer should be given a suitable load transfer model since it will directly affect the accurate estimation of ultimate bearing capacity and displacement of the bolts.