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中文摘要：
目前，燃料电池中广泛使用的Pt基阴极催化剂价格昂贵、资源缺乏，且易中毒，故急需开发廉价、耐用、高效和高耐醇的非铂基阴极氧还原催化剂．本文阐述了国内外在非铂氧还原催化剂方面的研究，并着重介绍了作者课题组的最新研究进展．主要集中在非贵金属（Fe）负载和杂原子（F）掺杂的非金属催化剂，力求原料廉价并可提高催化剂的催化活性、稳定性、抗毒化能力，实现较高的性价比．同时通过理论计算解释了氟单掺杂和氮氟共掺杂高效性的根源，为设计高效催化剂提供了有力的理论支持．
英文摘要：
The expensive Pt-based catalyst suffers from its susceptibility to time-dependent drift, methanol crossover, and carbon monoxide（CO） deactivation, which will block the large-scale commercial application of fuel cells. It is necessary to develop efficient, low-cost, highly stable non-precious metal oxygen reduction reaction（ORR） catalysts with high catalytic performance. Here,we will pay attention to the research progress of non-precious metal and heteroatom-doped（N, B, P, S, F） metal-free ORR catalysts.Importantly, we mainly focus on the work developed by Xu＇s group with the Fe-based non-precious metal and F/NF-doped metal-free ORR catalysts. The purpose of these works is to improve the activity and durability of the catalysts based on cheap materials and simple methods. Meanwhile, the combination of theoretical calculations in catalytic activity and mechanism will explain the origin of high activity, which will support strong theoretical foundation for experimental design in ORR catalysts with high performance in future.
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