中文摘要：

针对A~2/O＋移动床生物膜反应器（A~2/O＋MBBR）双污泥系统,以低碳氮比（C/N）生活污水为处理对象,考察启动过程的污泥特性和反硝化除磷特性,基于脱氮除磷的代谢机理建立系统的快速启动策略。研究结果表明：启动过程历时21 d完成,污泥结构稳定且具有较好的污泥沉降性和生物活性;平均重量污泥浓度从1 189 mg/L增加到1 760 mg/L,SVI值在95 m L/g MLSS以下,反硝化聚磷菌（DNPAOs）占聚磷菌（PAOs）的百分比从接种污泥时的10.87%增加到25.46%。启动过程,COD的去除效果基本稳定,A~2/O反应器可实现碳源的高效利用;硝化过程为反硝化除磷提供电子受体,TN的高效去除需要建立在NH＋4-N氧化完全的基础上;PO_4~（3-）-P的去除特性与NO_3~--N的变化密切相关,除了缺氧区的同步脱氮除磷,好氧吸磷对稳定PO_4~（3-）-P出水浓度发挥着重要作用。在平均进水碳氮比为3.44的运行条件下,A~2/O＋MBBR系统可实现有机物、氮、磷等污染物的同步高效去除,稳定运行阶段出水COD、NH_4~＋-N、TN和PO_4~（3-）-P浓度分别为38.5、1.15、14.2、0.15 mg/L,COD、TN和PO_4~（3-）-P去除率分别为82.23%,74.72%和96.80%。DO、pH和ORP等实时控制参数的变化规律与脱氮除磷存在定量关系,稳定运行阶段厌氧区ORP为-398~-336 m V,反硝化过程pH值增幅0.55,ORP增加到-300~-175 m V,硝化过程pH值降低0.37。ORP、pH值可以直观地反映反硝化过程,pH值能够灵敏地反映硝化进程,实时控制参数的联合调控有利于促进系统的快速启动和稳定运行。

英文摘要：

A two-sludge system of A~2/O ＋ moving bed biofilm reactor（ A~2/O ＋ MBBR）,used to treat wastewater with low carbon / nitrogen（ C / N） ratio,was applied to investigate the sludge characteristics and denitrifying phosphorus removal characteristics during the start-up process,and rapid start-up strategy of the system was established based on the metabolic mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorus removals. The results showed that the start-up process was completed by 21 d,the sludge structure was stable with promising sludge settleability and biological activity. The average sludge concentration increased from 1 189 mg / L to 1 760 mg / L,SVI value was below 95 m L / g MLSS,and the percentage of denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms（ DNPAOs） accounted for phosphorus accumulating organisms（ PAOs） increased from 10. 87% in inoculation sludge to 25. 46%. During the start-up process,COD removal was basically stable and A~2/O reactor achieved the efficient utilization of carbon sources. Nitrification process provided electron acceptors for denitrifying phosphorusremoval,and the high-efficiency removal of TN should build on the complete NH4- N oxidation. A close correlation between NO_3~--N and PO_4~（3-）-P removals was revealed. In addition to the simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removals in anoxic zone,aerobic phosphorus absorption played an important role in keeping stable effluent PO_4~（3-）-P under the operation condition with average influent C / N ratio of 3. 44,COD,TN and PO_4~（3-）-P removals reached to 82. 23%,74. 72% and 96. 80%,respectively,and the effluent concentrations of COD,NH＋4- N,TN and PO_4~（3-）-P were 38. 5,1. 15,14. 2,0. 15 mg / L during the stable operation stage,which showed that the A~2/O ＋ MBBR system achieved high-efficient removals of organic matter,nitrogen and phosphorus simultaneously. Where. The variations of real-time control parameters of DO,pH and ORP exhibited quantitative relationship with nitrogen and phosphorus removals.During the stable op