中文摘要：

自1984年约翰芬恩（John Fenn）发明一种软电离离子源,即电喷雾电离源（ESI）以来,促进了质谱技术在大分子分析领域,特别是生物大分子领域的广泛使用。ESI源的低取样效率由ESI源的离子化效率和传输效率的构成,制约着ESI源质谱灵敏度的提高,因此研究者们一直努力改进ESI源的性能,以提高取样效率、改善ESI源质谱灵敏度。本研究介绍了ESI源的原理,并评述了近年来ESI源研究的新进展和应用。

英文摘要：

The electrospray ionization（ESI） source has been widely used for the identication and quantification of macromolecules especially biomacromolecules since John Fenn developed the soft ion source in 1984. ESI suffers from low sampling efficiency consisting of ionization efficiency and transmission efficiency, which directly limits the detection sensitivity of a mass spectrometer. So scientists working in this field have paid great attention to improve sampling efficiency. In this review, the theory of ESI source is introduced in detail, and the recent improvement of electrospray ionization source is reviewed.