中文摘要：

以2002-2007年辽宁、吉林和黑龙江三省水稻区域试验参试材料为试材,统一取样测定主要品质指标,分析品质性状的省份间差异、变化及其相互关系。结果表明,东北三省水稻碾磨品质普遍较高,其中吉林省参试品种糙米率和精米率最高,辽宁省参试品种整精米率最高;对于垩白粒率和垩白度,辽宁省与吉林省相差不大,但都显著高于黑龙江省;长宽比吉林〉辽宁〉黑龙江;蛋白质含量辽宁〉吉林〉黑龙江,直链淀粉含量则相反,但辽宁与吉林之间差异没有达到显著水平;胶稠度辽宁〉黑龙江〉吉林。近年来黑龙江和吉林水稻整精米率、黑龙江糙米率有所降低。粒长、长宽比与糙米率、精米率呈极显著负相关,垩白粒率、垩白度与精米率、整精米率和长宽比呈极显著负相关。因此,在水稻育种和栽培中,辽宁和吉林应主攻降低垩白粒率和垩白度,黑龙江和吉林应注意防止整精米率降低,黑龙江还要注重提高糙米率。

英文摘要：

The major quality parameters of rice cultivars（lines） for regional yield trials in Liaoning,Jilin and Heilongjiang Provinces,China in 2002-2007 were tested. The results showed that the milling quality was high in all the three provinces. Brown rice percentage and milled rice percentage were the highest in Jilin,and head rice percentage was the highest in Liaoning. There were no significant differences in chalky grain rate and chalkiness between the cultivars from Liaoning and Jilin,but their chalky grain rate and chalkiness were significantly higher than the cultivars from Heilongjiang. The order of the ratio of grain length to width was as follows：Jilin〉 Liaoning 〉Heilongjiang,and for protein content,Liaoning〉 Jilin 〉Heilongjiang. For amylose content it showed a descending trend as Heilongjiang〉 Jilin 〉Liaoning,but the difference between Liaoning and Jilin was not significant. Gel consistency ranked as Liaoning 〉Heilongjiang 〉Jilin. A downward trend was found in head rice percentage in the cultivars from Heilongjiang and Jilin and brown rice percentage in the cultivars from Heilongjiang in recent years. Grain length and ratio of grain length to width were significantly and negatively correlated with brown rice percentage and milled rice percentage. Chalky grain rate and chalkiness were significantly and negatively correlated with milled rice percentage,head rice percentage and ratio of grain length to width. In rice breeding and cultivation,more attention should be paid to decreasing chalky grain rate and chalkiness in Liaoning and Jilin,stabilizing head rice percentage in Heilongjiang and Jilin and increasing brown rice percentage in Heilongjiang.