中文摘要：

为了降低超级电容器用多孔炭的成本,以花生壳为原料,磷酸为活化剂,采用微波加热法一步制备了多孔炭,研究了该多孔炭的电化学性能。结果表明,当磷酸/花生壳质量比为3,微波功率为600 W,加热时间为20 min时,所制多孔炭的比表面积为1 494 m2/g。随着磷酸/花生壳的质量比从0.6增加到3,多孔炭的比表面积逐渐增大。在电流密度为50 mA/g时,所制电极的比容达196 F/g,300次循环后,其比容保持率为92.7%。

英文摘要：

Porous carbons （PCs） were prepared from peanut shell with phosphoric acid （H3PO4） as activating agent by microwave heating in one step to decrease the cost of PCs used in supercapacitors. The electrochemical properties of the prepared PCs were studied. The results show that, at the H3PO4/peanut shell mass ratio of 3 with the microwave power of 600 W at only 20 min heating time, the specific surface area of prepared PCs is 1 494 m2/g, and the specific surface area of the PCs increases from 0.6 to 3 with the increase of H3PO4/peanut shell mass ratio. The specific capacitance of prepared electrode reaches 196 F/g at a ctirrent density of 50 mA/g with capacitance retention of 92.7% after 300 cycles.