中文摘要：

神经元在自突触作用下可以诱发各类放电活动的迁移，神经元动作电位对电自突触的响应比较敏感.通常用包含延迟因子和增益的反馈回路电流来刻画自突触对神经元动作电位的影响.基于Pspice软件，设计了包含自突触效应的神经元电路，用以延迟反馈电路来模拟电自突触对电位的调制作用.研究结果发现：1）在外界刺激和电自突触回路协同作用下，神经元电路输出信号可以呈现静息态，尖峰放电，簇放电状态.2）在时变增大的外界刺激下和自突触回路驱动下，神经元电路的输出电位序列在多种电活动模式之间（静息，尖峰放电，簇放电）交替出现，其机理在于自突触回路具有记忆特性，神经元对于不同的外界刺激可以做出不同模式的响应.3）在给定比较大外界刺激下，改变反馈回路的增益，发现电路输出的序列也可以呈现不同模式交替，即神经元对于相同的刺激可以通过自我调节自突触增益来产生不同模式的响应，其机理可能在于回路的有效反馈，这有助于理解突触的可塑性.

英文摘要：

Transition of electric activity of neuron can be induced by electric autapse, and its action potential is much sensitive to the stimuli from the electric autapse. Generally, the effect of electric autapse on membrane potential of neuron is often described by using time-delayed feedback in closed loop. Based on Pspice software, a class of electric circuit is designed with the electric autapse being taken into consideration, and a time-delayed circuit is used to detect the adjusting action of electric autapse on the action potential. Results are found as follows： （1） The neuronal electric circuit can produce quiescent state, spiking, bursting state under an external force besides the electric autapse circuit. （2） The transition of electric activity occurs between four different atates （quiescent, spiking, bursting state） by imposing a time-varying forcing current; its potential mechanism is that the electric circuit is associated with the memory, and the neuron can give different types of response to the same external forcing current. （3）When a strong external force is imposed, the outputs can show different type of electric activities due to an electric autapse, that is to say, self-adaption of gain in the autapse is useful for the neuron and thus different type of electric activities occurs, whose potential mechanism may be due to the effective feedback in the loop;so it is helpful to understand the synaptic plasticity.