中文摘要：

为了解污水排海对小型底栖生物丰度和生物量的影响,于2011年4、8、10、12月对青岛汇泉湾第一海水浴场中潮带一个排污口附近不同距离站位的小型底栖生物进行了春、夏、秋、冬4个季度的采样调查.结果表明：研究区域小型底栖生物年平均丰度为（1859.9±705.1）ind·10 cm-2,最高值出现在距离排污口20和40 m的站位S2和S3,分别为（2444.9±1220.5）和（2492.2±1839.9）ind·10 cm-2,最低值出现在距离排污口0 m的站位S1,为（327.9±183.2）ind·10 cm-2.小型底栖生物的年平均生物量为（1513.4±372.7）μg·10 cm-2.小型底栖生物在丰度和生物量上呈现明显的季节变化,最高值出现在春季,最低值出现在夏季.共鉴定出11个小型底栖生物类群,包括线虫、桡足类、多毛类、寡毛类、缓步动物、海螨、涡虫、介形类、等足类、甲壳类幼体及其他类.自由生活海洋线虫是最优势的类群,占总丰度的83.1%,其次为底栖桡足类,占12.8%.在垂直分布上,小型底栖生物在0-2 cm表层分布最多,向深层呈现递减趋势,冬季部分向下迁移.Pearson相关分析表明,小型底栖生物丰度和生物量与沉积物中值粒径和有机质含量呈极显著负相关.此外,旅游等人为扰动也是影响小型底栖生物数量及分布的因素.与历史资料中的同类研究结果进行了比较,并探讨了线虫与桡足类丰度的比值在有机质污染监测中的适用性。

英文摘要：

In order to elucidate the effects of sewage discharge on abundance and biomass of meio- fauna, a seasonal survey was carried out on meiofauna at stations with different distances to a sew- age outlet in the middle intertidal zone of No. 1 bathing beach in Huiquan Bay, Qingdao in spring （April）, summer （August）, autumn （October） and winter （December）, 2011. The results showed that the annual average meiofaunal abundance was （1859.9±705.1） ind·10 cm-2, with higher values of （2444.9±1220.5） ind·10 cm-2 at Station S2（20 m to the sewage outlet） and （2492.2±1839.9） ind·10 cm-2 at Station S3（40 m to the sewage outlet）, while the lowest value of （327.9±183.2） ind·10 cm-2 was observed at Station S1（0 m to the sewage outlet） in terms of horizontal distribution. The annual average biomass was （1513.4±372.7）μg·10 cm-2. Meiofauhal abundance and biomass varied seasonally with the highest values in spring and the lowest values in summer. A total of 11 meiofaunal groups were identified, including nematodes, copepods, polyehaetes, oligochaetes, tardigrades, halacaroideans, planarians, ostracods, isopods, crustacean nauplii and others. Free-living marine nematodes were the dominant group constituting 83.1% of the total abundance, followed by benthic copepods, accounting for 12.8% of the total abundance. In terms of vertical distribution, most of the meiofauna concentrated in the top 0-2 cm, and the meiofauna abundance decreased with increasing the sediment depth. Meiofauna was also noted to migrate deeper into the sediment in the winter. Pearson correlation analysis showed that meiofaunalabundance and biomass had highly significant negative correlations with sediment median particle diameter and organic matter content. In addition, tourism-induced activities affected meiofaunal abundance and distribution. A comparison with historical data from similar studies was carried out, and the applicability of the ratio of abundance of nematodes to copepods in monitoring organic pol