中文摘要：

在 2007 的温暖的季节期间在 Qiyi 冰河上基于领域观察，用一个数字举起模型(DEM， 15 m 分辨率) ，我们开发了分布式的表面精力平衡和集体平衡的模型与一时时分辨率。模型在短波上描述了地形学的效果太阳的放射，并且为冰河反照率使用新 parameterization。模型在 Qilian 山被用于 Qiyi 冰河，中国，为时期 20：00 6 月 30 日到 12：00 2007 年 10 月 10 日，模仿永久积雪线变化，集体平衡的时间、空间的变化，和冰川的 meltwater 流量。结果显示冰河的高度的侧面的模式集体平衡主要被反照率的高度的侧面影响，并且冰河团平衡的地位被反照率的价值直接影响。参数敏感测试证明模型对空气温度差错率和降水坡度敏感，并且对为固体 / 液体的降水的阀值温度也敏感。而且，气候敏感测试比质量的降水，和反应平衡让温度通风的证明集体平衡是更敏感的让温度通风当时，变化是非线性的对降水的反应线性地变化。冰河的否定集体平衡趋势不能被颠倒降水什么时候增加 20% ，同时，空气温度上升 1

英文摘要：

Based on the field observations on Qiyi Glacier during the warm season of 2007, using a digital elevation model （DEM, 15 m resolution）, we developed a distributed surface energy- and mass-balance model with an hourly resolution. The model described the effect of topography on shortwave solar radiation, and used a new parameterization for glacier albedo. The model was applied to Qiyi Glacier in the Qilian Mountain, China, for the period 20 ： 00 30 June to 12 ： 00 10 October 2007, to simulate the firn-line changes, the temporal and spatial variations of mass balance, and the glacial meltwater runoff. The results indicated that the pat- terns of altitudinal profile of glacier mass-balance were affected mainly by the altitudinal profile of albedo, and the status of the glacier mass balance was influenced directly by the values of albedo. The parameter sensitivity test showed that the model was sensitive to the air temperature lapse rate and precipitation gradient, and also sensitive to the threshold temperature for solid/liquid precipitation. Furthermore, the climate sensitivity test showed that the mass balance was more sensitive to air temperature than precipitation, and the response of mass balance to air temperature change was nonlinear while the response to precipitation change linearly. The negative mass balance trend of the glacier can not be reversed when precipitation increases by 20% and meanwhile air temperature rises by 1℃. Qiyi Glacier, distributed energy and mass balance model, glacier albedo, mass balance-altitude profile, meltwater runoff, sensitivity test