中文摘要：

目的 观察玻璃体腔移植人脐带间充质干细胞（hUCMSC）对糖尿病大鼠视网膜形态及胶质细胞原纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）、视紫红质（RHO）表达的影响.方法 8周龄健康雄性Sprague-Dwaley大鼠78只用于实验.其中,70只大鼠按40 mg/kg剂量尾静脉注射链脲佐菌素建立糖尿病模型;8只大鼠以相同剂量尾静脉注射0.1 mol/L pH 4.0柠檬酸缓冲液作为正常对照组,建模6周后,在建模大鼠中取10只作为糖尿病模型对照组;其余60只建模大鼠右眼玻璃体腔注射移值hUCMSC细胞悬液2μl作为实验眼,左眼玻璃体腔注射等量Dulbecco改良Eagle/F12培养基作为对照眼.注射移植后1、2、4周分别进行后续实验.实验眼记作U1、U2、U4组,对照眼记作D1、D2、D4组,每组各20只眼.摘除眼球作石蜡切片行苏木精-伊红染色,光学显微镜观察大鼠视网膜结构形态,测量视网膜外核层及内核层（INL）的厚度;冰冻切片-组织免疫荧光方法观察hUCMSC在大鼠视网膜的分布、迁移情况;实时定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）和蛋白免疫印迹法（Western blot）分别检测大鼠视网膜中GFAP、RHO的mRNA和蛋白相对表达量.结果 光学显微镜观察发现,正常对照组大鼠视网膜各层结构正常.糖尿病模型对照组大鼠视网膜神经纤维层（NFL）变薄,视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）数量减少.U1、D1组大鼠RGC数量减少、排列紊乱;U2、U4、D2、D4组大鼠RGC数量不断减少.与D4组比较,U4组大鼠视网膜INL厚度明显增加,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.冰冻切片-组织免疫荧光实验结果显示,U1组大鼠视网膜可见沿内界膜分布的hUCMSC;U2组大鼠视网膜hUCMSC数量逐渐减少,主要位于NFL和神经节细胞层.实时定量PCR及Western blot检测结果显示,随建模时间延长,糖尿病模型对照组及D1、D2、D4组大鼠视网膜中GFAP mRNA、蛋白相对表达量逐渐升高,RHO mRNA、蛋白相对表达量逐渐降低.分别与D2、D4组比较,U2、U4组大

英文摘要：

Objective To observe the influence of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells （hUCMSC） transplantation into vitreous cavity of diabetic rats on the retinal morphology,and the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） and rhodopsin （RHO）.Methods 78 male SpragueDawley rats were used.70 rats were injected with streptozotocin by tail vein injection at a dose of 40 mg/kg to establish the diabetes mellitus model,and another 8 rats were injected with 0.1 mol/L pH 4.0 citric acid buffer at the same dose as the normal control group.After 5 weeks of modeling,10 rats were taken as the control group of diabetic model.hUCMSC suspension was injected into the right eye vitreous cavity of the remaining 60 rats,and the same volume of Dulbecco＇s modified Eagle/F12 medium was injected into the left vitreous cavity as control eyes.1,2 and 4 weeks after transplantation,follow-up experiments were performed.The experimental eyes were labeled as U1,U2,and U4 groups,while the control eyes were recorded as D1,D2,D4,and each group consisted of 20 eyes.After paraffin section and hematoxylin-eosin staining,the structure of the retina was observed by optical microscopy and the thickness of the outer nuclear layer and the inner nuclear layer （INL） were measured.The distribution and migration of hUCMSC in rat retina were observed by frozen section-tissue immunofluorescence assay.The mRNA and protein expression of GFAP and RHO in the retina were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and Western blot assays.Results The results of optical microscope observation showed the normal structure of retina in normal control group.The retinal nerve fiber layer （NFL） was thinned and the number of retinal ganglion cells （RGC） in the control group of diabetic rats was decreased.The decreased number and disorder arrangement of RGC were observed as well in U1,D1 rats.The RGC number of U2,U4,D2,D4 rats was gradually decreased.Compared with D4 group,the thickness of INL in U4 group was sign