中文摘要：

目的：比较云南省县、乡计划生育服务机构宫内节育器（IUD）放置类型的差异及其成因。方法：根据计划生育优质服务县的标准将云南所有县分为＂好＂、＂中等＂、＂差＂3层,每层抽取1个县,进行3个县、区的横断面调查。收集与IUD放置类型相关数据及资料,并进行小组及个人访谈以确定县、乡差异原因。结果：云南省县、乡两级机构所放置的IUD类型存在差异、造成差异的原因较多;乡级服务机构采用政府采购IUD的比例高于县级服务机构。结论：应促进各级IUD放置服务机构科学地优选失败率低的IUD类型,进一步提高政府采购IUD的接受性和使用,减少IUD类型选择不当而导致的避孕失败。

英文摘要：

Objective：To explore the difference in categories of intrauterine device（IUD） provided in family planning clinics at county and township level in Yunnan Province.Methods：The situation analysis,observation,focus group discussion,exit interview and existing data collection were used to explore the technical and managing determinants for effectiveness of IUD in the three randomly selected cross-sectional counties.Results：The difference in categories of IUD provided in family planning clinics between county and township was found,which was influenced by many factors.The township family planning service clinics preferred to use the certain types of IUD which were recommended by National Family Planning Committee.Conclusion：It should be promoted for family planning service delivery center to optimize the IUD selection in terms of the efficiency and side effects.Use of IUDs which are recommended by National Family Planning Committee should be advocated in order to reduce the failure rate resulting from incorrect selection.