中文摘要：

商业银行是中小企业最重要的外部融资渠道，但限于信息不对称等因素的制约，商业银行对中小企业的授信额度远不能满足其发展的需要。在此背景下，对中小企业的信贷风险进行科学评估，增强商业银行授信的安全性，是有效解决其融资难的重要措施。通过采用公理化的可信性测度和经典的层次分析法，本文构建一个基于可信性理论的风险评估模型。模型在评估多层次风险指标时，能够避免选取隶属函数存在主观性的问题。此外，可信性测度具有自对偶性，使得模型的评估结果更容易理解和接受。针对信贷风险多因素的复杂性，建立了商业银行信贷风险评估的多层次指标体系，并运用本文所提出的风险评估模型对中小企业的信贷风险进行评估，实例证明该模型的可行性与有效性。

英文摘要：

Commercial banks are the most important external financing channels for small and medium-sized enterprises, but lim- ited to some factors, such as information asymmetry, the line of credit for commercial banks to small and medium-sized enterprises far cannot satisfy the needs of the development of them. In this context, it is an important measure to effectively solve the difficulty of fi- nancing by scientifically evaluating credit risk of small and medium-sized enterprises and enhancing the safety of credit activities by commercial bank. By introducing axiomatic credibility measure and classical analytic hierarchy process, this paper constructs a risk as- sessment model based on credibility theory. The model can avoid the subjective problem for selecting menabership function when evaluate multi-level risk index. Moreover, credibility measure has self-duality, which makes the evaluation results are more easily understood and accepted. For the complexity of multiple credit risk factors, it establishes a multi-level index system for the credit risk assessment of commercial banks, and then evaluates the credit risk of small and medium-sized enterprises by the model proposed in this paper. The actual case demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the model.