中文摘要：

26S蛋白酶体是真核细胞蛋白酶家族中一个2.5MDa的复杂成员,在许多重要细胞活动如细胞周期进程和抗原提呈中起关键调节作用,已成为某些癌症和自身免疫性疾病治疗的有效药物靶标。目前,大部分26S蛋白酶体抑制剂为20S核心颗粒靶向分子,19S调节颗粒靶向分子的研发还未取得明显成效,这与19S高分率结构和作用机制仍待进一步明确有关。本文综合论述了26S蛋白酶体20S核心颗粒和19S调节颗粒的靶向抑制剂,重点从结构角度阐述近年来取得的进展和研发前景。

英文摘要：

The 26S proteasome is a 2.5 MDa complex of the protease family members and is central to a vast array of vital cellular processes including cell-cycle progression and antigen presentation. It has been proven to be a target for therapeutic agents in the treatment of cancers and autoimmune diseases. Most inhibitors are designed to target the 20S proteolytic core complex while the efforts to target the 19S regulatory particle subunits are less successful so far. This is, in part, due to the complexity of molecular architecture and poor understanding of the mechanism of this subcomplex. This review attempts to summarize the development of inhibitory molecules that target both the 20S and 19S subunits of the proteasome, especially highlight the recent progress in the proteasome structure and development of the new inhibitors.