中文摘要：

目前在梨种质研究中仍然缺乏足够的SSR引物,因此筛选多态性丰富的SSR标记引物,为进一步研究梨种质资源的群体遗传学特征等提供参考。运用SSR标记技术,从初选后的42对SSR引物中筛选出多态性好、稳定性高的引物。筛选出的12对引物对40个梨样的DNA序列进行了SSR-PCR扩增,共检测出159个等位基因,平均每个位点检测到13.25个等位基因;平均每个等位基因有效数目为1.236 4,平均I值为0.286 6,平均Nei指数值为0.165 3;系统聚类分析表明,所有样品可以分为3个类群,即栽培梨、日本梨、野生秋子梨。筛选的12对多态性丰富的SSR引物适合用于梨种质资源群体遗传学特征分析,为梨种质资源的收集、保存、鉴定、评价以及亲缘关系研究提供方法和理论依据。

英文摘要：

At present, the pear germplasm study lacks enough SSR primers, thus it is necessary to screened out SSR markers primer showing high polymorphismin and to further study the population genetic characteristics. The good polymorphism and high stability primers were selected out from the 42 pairs of SSR primers by SSR molecular primer. The 40 pear samples＇ DNA sequence were amplified with 12 pairs of SSR primers by SSR-PCR technique, 159 alleles were detected, on average, 13.25 alleles were detected from per site. Each alleles effective number was 1.236 4, and the average I value was 0.286 6, the h value was 0.165 3. The system clustering analysis showed that all the samples can be divided into three groups： cultivation pear, the Japanese pear, Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim in China. The screened 12 pairs of polymorphic SSR primers were suitable for studying on collection, preservation, identification, evaluation and genetic relationship of pear germplasm resources.