中文摘要：

煤化工和石油化工是高耗能、高污染产业，其产生的大量废水会对周围环境产生巨大影响。本文概述了煤化工废水和石油化工废水的主要特点，介绍了废水处理的三个阶段：预处理、生化处理和深度处理，以及每个阶段的处理工艺，对今后废水的处理有一定的指导作用。

英文摘要：

Coal-chemical and petro-chemical industries consumed large amounts of energy and highly polluting, and the producing abundant wastewater that can seriously impact the environment. The major characteristics of coal-chemical and petro-chemical wastewater were summarized, three phases during wastewater treatment processes of pre-treatment, bio-treatment and advanced treatment were introduced, and a brief account of the treatment techniques within each phase was presented, which might guide wastewater treatment in the future.