中文摘要：

microRNA-506是存在于x染色体上的一种microRNA，通过对靶基因的转录后调控影响细胞增殖、凋亡、衰老、细胞周期、细胞分化、上皮一间质转化、血管生成、侵袭和转移等多种生命过程。目前发现，microRNA-506在多种肿瘤的发生发展过程中发挥重要的作用，细胞学和动物实验也提示microRNA-506可以抑制一些肿瘤的发生发展，并促进某些化疗药物的疗效。但是，microRNA-506对不同的肿瘤发挥看不同的调节作用。本文对microRNA-506在不同肿瘤中的作用及其作用机制进行总结，旨在为特定肿瘤的治疗提供新的靶点。

英文摘要：

MicroRNA-506 （miRNA-506） is located in the X chromosome and influences various processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, senescence, cell cycle, cell differentiation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis, through post-transcriptional regulation of its targets. Recent studies have shown that miRNA-506 plays an important role in tumorigen- esis and progression of many types of tumors. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that miRNA-506 suppresses progression of sev- eral tumors and promotes response of tumor cells to chemotherapy. However, miRNA-506 plays different roles in different tumors. This review summarizes the functions and mechanisms of miRNA-506 in different tumors to identify a new target for the targeted ther- apy of certain tumors.