中文摘要：

为了进行零件的几何误差检测以提高零件的合格率,提出一个通用的基准偏差量的表示和补偿方法.利用模拟基准要素概念,确定实际状态下模拟基准要素和最大实体状态下基准要素边界之间的相对位置关系,获得最大实体状态和零件实际状态的基准参考框架之间可能存在的相对位置变化范围.对遵循最大实体要求的圆柱基准和直槽基准的两个基准组合,采用曲柄导杆机构和摆杆机构的组合机构表示相对位置关系,曲柄长度和摆杆摆角就是两个基准偏离其最大实体状态的偏差量,曲柄长度对应被测目标要素的几何公差值的补偿量,而摆杆摆角则对被测目标要素的公差带的形状同时进行了修改和扩大.以一个成组要素的位置度误差检测为例说明了具体实施方法,并讨论了应用最大实体要求的基准本身的精度等级设置关系.

英文摘要：

To improve the parts＇ percent of pass, the geometric tolerance of measured feature was compensated by the deviation of datums deviated from the Maximum Material Condition （MMC） under the condition of following Maxi- mum Material Requirement （MMR）. A general representation and compensation method of datum＇s deviations was proposed to solve the problem of compensation for parts＇ geometric deviation inspection. The relative position be- tween the Datum Feature Simulator （DFS） at actual condition and the datum boundary at MMC was determined ac- cording to the determination method of DFS, and the relative position boundary between, design Datum Reference Frame （DRF） and measurement DRF were obtained. For the datum combination of cylinder and slot which were subjected to the maximum material requirements, the relative position boundary between design DRF and measure- ment DRF was represented by combined mechanism of crank-guide bar and oscillating bar. The deviations of datum were represented by the crank length and the oscillating angle of the oscillating bar, and the crank length was the in- crement of compensated value for tolerance feature, the oscillating angle was used to modify and enlarge the toler- ance zone of the tolerance feature. An example was used to demonstrate the implementation of the proposed method, and the precision class relation among these datums was discussed.