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基于测压方法的 CRH2列车气动特性风洞试验研究

ISSN号：1672-7029
期刊名称：铁道科学与工程学报
时间：2015
页码：975-981
分类：U271.91[机械工程—车辆工程;交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程;交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U216.9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]
作者机构：[1]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙 410075, [2]高速铁路建造技术国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410075, [3]中国建筑第五工程局有限公司,湖南长沙410004
相关基金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51322808,51178471,51508580）;教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划（NCET-12-0550）;中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2014M562133）;长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目（IRT1296）;中南大学“创新驱动计划”资助项目
相关项目：强风环境下高速铁路车-桥系统气动特性及抗倾覆性能风洞试验研究

关键词：高速列车, 气动特性, 测压, 测力, 风洞试验, high -speed train, aerodynamic characteristic, pressure measurement, force measurement, wind tunnel test

中文摘要：

针对风洞试验中通过天平测量列车气动力存在的缺陷，尝试通过测压积分获得列车气动力以提高脉动气动力测试精度，并对来流均匀的侧风作用下的 CRH2列车非定常空气动力特性进行分析。研究结果表明，当列车表面风压测点数量适当时，测压积分可获得与天平测力精度相当的定常气动力；即使是在均匀来流作用下，列车受到的气动力也表现出明显的非定常特性，极大气动力约为均值的1．7倍；0～10 Hz 低频段最大谱值发生在90°风向角，最小谱值则发生在0°风向角，10 Hz 以上高频段谱值分布情况则恰好相反，当风向角小于60°时，0～10 Hz 低频段能量占总能量的比重小于50％。

英文摘要：

Due to the shortcomings in the aerodynamic forces measurements with a dynamometer for high speed train,a new methodology based on pressure measurements has been developed in order to improve the testing ac-curacy of fluctuating aerodynamic forces.The unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of CRH2 train under uniform cross wind were analyzed.The test results indicate that when the pressure taps distribution is appropriate and dense enough,pressure complementary calculations can also give the density of steady aerodynamic forces as ac-curately as the force test.In addition,the aerodynamic forces on the train have strong unsteady characteristics e-ven under uniform cross wind,and extreme aerodynamic forces are about 1.7 times of their mean values.The maximum spectral value in the low frequency range between 0 and 10 Hz occurs at 90° yaw angle,and the mini-mum value is found at 0°yaw angle.While the spectral value distributions in the high frequency greater than 10 Hz are just contrary.When the yaw angle is less than 60°,the proportion of low frequency energy in total is less than 50%.

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