中文摘要：

发达国家在农作物秸秆利用方面取得丰富的经验和研究进展。中国的秸秆利用管理政策和法规尚不完善。分析国外农作物秸秆利用政策和法规,总结其成功经验,以资中国借鉴。发达国家秸秆利用方式以秸秆还田循环利用为主。为了实现秸秆资源的充分利用,许多发达国家出台了有针对性的政策与法规。国外秸秆利用政策主要集中在目标政策、投资扶持政策（财政政策）、税收与信贷优惠政策、政策激励机制4个方面。国外有关秸秆利用的法规主要包括农业类法规和能源类法规2大类。借鉴国外先进经验,提出了完善中国秸秆利用政策与法规的建议：一是明确秸秆利用的主导方式和目标,二是加大政府投资扶持力度,三是制定并实施税收和信贷优惠政策,四是建立政策激励机制,五是完善和制定有关秸秆利用的法规和条例。

英文摘要：

The developed countries have already marched a long way and accumulated rich experience in utilizing crop straw, which is fairly ahead of China particularly in the fields of the administrative policies and regulations. The total yield of crop straw in China ranks the first place in the world in recent years. Yet the policies and regulations of crop straw management in China are insufficient, and it is of great importance to learn the specific practice and advanced management measures from foreign countries. Based on a large amount of literature research and analysis, in the paper we reviewed the policies and regulations of crop straw utilization in foreign countries and summarized the successful experiences. The results show that crop straw in developed countries gives priority to recycle as fertilizer to the field, which plays an important role in forming reasonable fertilization structure. And major developed countries have established mature and efficient system of straw collection, storage and transportation, which is the key issue to develop crop straw utilization industry. In order to make full use of crop straw and reduce open burning, many developed countries have carried out some pertinent policies and regulations. Policies of straw utilization in foreign countries mainly focus on target strategy, government investment and financial support, tax incentives and concessional loans, as well as incentive mechanism. The main 2 types of laws and regulations on crop straw utilization in foreign countries are agriculture-type regulation and energy-type regulation. The former type mainly involves the regulations on tillage conservation and soil fertilization by crop straw returning. The latter one involves the regulations on renewable energy and biomass energy. The crop straw in China has the characteristics of large quantity, scattered distribution, and so on. Policies and regulations of crop straw utilization and management should be made according to the reality in China. Based on the advanced experiences in f